Patrick Stewart of Seat Pleasant



See “the many Patrick Stewarts” for the introduction to why this post was written.


Patrick Stewart of the Marsham Waring Inventory was 40 years old with an estimated birth year of 1820. Patrick Stewart of Seat Pleasant was 37 in the 1870 census, with an estimated birth year of 1833. It seems unlikely that they are the same Patrick Stewart. And as Patrick Stewart of Seat Pleasant is followed through the census records, it becomes even more unlikely that he is the Patrick Stewart of the Marsham Waring Inventory. In 1880, he was listed at 40, which shifted his birth year from 1833, to 1840, two decades after the Patrick Stewart of the Inventory was born; the same for the 1900 census, where he was listed as 60, making his birth year around 1840.

After Emancipation

In the 1870 US Census, Patrick Stewart and his wife, Lidia, are living near John E. Berry, the son of Dr. John E Berry. They are near the intersection of what is now Addison Road and Central Avenue in Seat Pleasant.

In 1880, Patrick Stewart is still living in Kent, the district formed from Bladensburg. In his household is Patrick and Mary Stewart, an elderly couple. Patrick is listed as 70 years old and Mary is listed as 65. They are most likely his parents. Patrick is enumerated as Pat. Hen., which is consistent with the land record that is recorded in 1892.

Patrick Henry Stewart purchased Lot #5 of the Seat Pleasant subdivision.  The land contained about 10.5 acres.  He paid $350 for the lot. (JWB 22:262; mdlandrec.net)

The land was situated near the corner of DC in the portion of Bladensburg District which was used to create the Kent District in the 1870s.  It sat on the former land of John E Berry, Jr., an enslaver and landowner in Prince George’s County prior to the Civil War.  Berry, Jr., purchased “Seat Pleasant” from his relative Thomas E Berry. At the close of the Civil War, the land was sold to real estate developers who created the town of Seat Pleasant.  Berry’s father, Dr. John E Berry, Sr., had a nearby plantation called Independence, and Berry’s brother, Albert B Berry had a farm called Sunnyside in addition to his other real estate holdings.

MSA_C2380_155_Jackson Plat of Seat Pleasant | Maryland State Archives
MSA_C2380_155_Jackson Plat of Seat Pleasant | Maryland State Archives

The survey of Seat Pleasant was completed in 1873.  In addition to detailing the lots, it marks what is likely the Seat Pleasant dwelling house and marks several cabins on the land, which may have be slave dwellings occupied by freedmen after manumission.  

A death certificate records Patrick Stewart’s death in May 1929, when he died from “entero-colitis”. It lists his occupation as farmer and at the time of his death, he was living in the District at 30 H Street NE, the household of John Thomas Stewart, his son. The death certificate also lists his parents as Patrick Stewart and Mary Ridout, names consistent with the 1880 census.

Before Emancipation

Prior to emancipation, Patrick (Henry) Stewart was enslaved by John E. Berry, who submitted a compensation list to the 1867 Commission on Slave Statistics; Berry was also the landowner of Seat Pleasant. Patrick (Henry) Stewart was listed as 20 years old, giving him an estimated birth year of 1845. Also enslaved by John E Berry is Mary Stewart (II), who was 38, born about 1827.

John E. Berry also submitted a list as administrator of the estate of Albert B Berry, his brother, who owned adjacent land. On the list submitted for A. B. Berry are Mary Stewart (I), age 58, and Alexander, age 22. Working from the assumption that Mary Stewart (I) is Mary Ridout, this allows us to expand the outline of the family. I wrote another detailed post about Mary Ridout and her connection with other Ridout Branches (and therefore the Stewart family).

In brief, Mary Ridout is likely related to Ridout Family Group enslaved by the Sprigg Family (Northhampton) and Waring Family. The Sprigg family enslaved Margaret (Brooks) Ridout who was the inferred mother of Barbara Ridout who married Joseph Jones, both enslaved by the Warings. Many of the Ridouts can be found in the vicinity of Seat Pleasant after emancipation. This suggests the likelihood that Mary Ridout was married to Patrick Stewart of the Waring estate.

Disambiguation

Patrick Henry Stewart of Seat Pleasant is too young to be Patrick Stewart of the Waring estate and he can be found in the compensation lists of John E Berry with other relatives. However, Patrick Henry Stewart is the son of Patrick Stewart of the Waring Inventory, as evidenced by the direct evidence of his death certificate which names his father and his mother’s family name. His mother’s family name, Ridout, provides indirect evidence that there were connection to the Stewart estate.

Robert Stewart | Patriarch

This post explores the possibility that Robert Stewart is the patriarch of branch of the Stewart Family Group enslaved by Marsham Waring near Buena Vista and Woodmore along the border of Bladensburg and Queen Anne Districts in Prince George’s County.


Background Information

Marsham Waring died in 1860 and in the inventory of his estates are three adult males named James, Patrick and Notley. The men are enumerated with round ages of 50, 40, 30, suggesting that the listed ages are not precise ages, rather estimated. After the Civil War, the heirs of Marsham Waring submitted compensation lists to the 1867 Commission on Slave Statistics in hopes of being compensated for the emancipation of their “personal property”. While compensation never occurred, the lists provide the given and family name of people enslaved; the three men are listed with the family name Stewart.

During the Civil War, Patrick and Notley Stewart escaped Prince George’s County for the District of Columbia, where slavery had been abolished in 1862 with their extended kin group. James Waring, the son of Marsham Waring, filed an affidavit seeking the return of the refugees to his captivity in May 1862.

The relationship between James [est. 50 | 1810] and the other two men, Patrick and Notley, has been ambiguous due to a lack of definitive records stating a relationship between the men and due to the rounded ages. The thirty year gap between James and Notley leaves open the possibility of a son-father relationship, brother-brother relationship, uncle-nephew relationship, and no doubt other less likely relationships.

Post-Civil War records for Patrick Stewart are ambiguous as there are multiple Patricks with a wide range of birth years. A post seeking to differentiate between the Patricks and connect them with the appropriate branch of the Stewart Family Group is forthcoming.

White Marsh Baptism

Notley Stewart was baptized in 1829 by the Jesuit Priests at White Marsh, a plantation maintained by the Catholic Church near Priest’s Bridge in Queen Anne District, Prince George’s County.

Notley, son of Robert & Ann, his wife slave of Massin [Marsham] Waring, aged 4 months. Sponsor Amelia. JS

April 19, 1829

The baptismal record identifies the parents of Notley Stewart as Robert and Ann and does not mention James. This record removes the possibility that James is Notley’s father leaving open the two possibilities 1. that James and Notley are brothers, or 2. Robert and James are brothers, making Notley the nephew of James.

The baptismal records cover 1819-1833; they do not include James’ baptismal record as he was born prior to the extant records.

1833 Personal Property Assessment

In 1833, the tax assessors for Prince George’s county compiled a list that included the “Proprietors” Name (property owner) with the names of the people they enslaved and the enslaved person’s assessed property value. These values were determined by their gender and age range. For example, males age 50-60 were assessed at $100 and females age 50-60 were assessed at $60.

Marsham Waring’s property list includes the names of Robert, James, Patrick, and Notley.

NameValueAge RangeBirth Year Range
Robert (Bob)$10050-601773-1783
James (Jim)$40018-301803-1815
Patrick$25010-151818-1823
Robert$1506-101823-1827
Notley$603-61827-1830
James (Jim)$35015-18
or
35-40
1815-1818
or
1793-1798
1833 Personal Property Assessment for Marsham Waring, 2nd District | Maryland State Archives

James Stewart was enumerated in the 1870 and 1880 US Federal Census. In 1870, he was listed as 63 years old, with an estimated birth year of 1807; in 1880, he was 70 with an estimated birth year of 1810. This allows us to reasonably identify James Stewart as the James (Jim) valued at $400.

Notley’s inclusion in the assessment list is consistent with the information recorded in the White Marsh Baptismal Record; he is valued as a toddler who was born around 1830. His father, Robert from the White Marsh record, is most likely Robert (Bob) valued at $100, as this value allows us to estimate his age as 50-60. The other Robert is valued at $150, allowing for an estimated age of 6-10; he is likely a brother of Notley.

Robert (Bob), between 50 and 60 years old, would have been born during the Revolutionary War (1773-1783). He is old enough to be the father of James, Patrick, Robert and Notley.

At 50-60 years old, Robert (Bob) would already be considered an elderly man. He most likely was no longer used in the fields and instead was laboring as a body servant, gardener or caretaker. As one of the older men on the estate, he was likely a source of stability and wisdom for the younger enslaved family and friends. See Daina Ramey Berry, The Price for Their Pound of Flesh for a discussion of the lives of elderly enslaved people.

Mary Ridout | Stewart Connection


In 1929, Patrick Stewart, age 84, died of a stomach ailment. His son, J. T. Stewart, furnished the information for the death certificate for the District of Columbia records.

Patrick Stewart, age 84, was the son of Patrick Stewart and Mary Ridout. He was born around the year 1845, twenty years prior to the emancipation of the enslaved in Maryland, where he and his parents were born into chattel slavery.


Enslaved by John E Berry

In 1867, John E Berry, of Bladensburg in Prince George’s County, Maryland, submitted a list to the Commission of Prince George’s County Slave Statistics of the people he enslaved prior to emancipation in hopes of compensation from the federal government. Among those he listed were Patrick Stewart, age 20 and Mary Stewart, age 38.

While we do not have an age for Mary from the death certificate, the ages of the two Patricks are consistent with each other, both are born around 1845 — and Mary, the other Stewart, is old enough to have borne Patrick as her son.

The identification of Patrick’s mother as Mary Ridout opens up a line of inquiry about whether or not Mary Ridout is connected to the Stewarts of the Waring estates and to the Ridouts enslaved in and around the Waring estates.

Connected Posts: Barbara Jones | Ridout Family & Benjamin Lee and Augustus Jones | Stealing Horses

The connected posts discuss the details of this diagram more fully

Seat Pleasant

In the post on Barbara Jones’ connection to the Ridout family, we saw that Peter and Priscilla Ridout moved to the boundary between DC and Maryland, near Charles H Hays and we saw that Margaret (Peggy) Ridout and her daughter moved into the household of Geo R Wilfred Marshall, also near the boundary of DC and Maryland. The two families essentially bookend the area where Mary Stewart and her son Patrick are enslaved.

In the 1880s, Patrick Stewart purchased Lot #5 of the Seat Pleasant subdivision.  The land contained about 10.5 acres.  He paid $350 for the lot.

It sat on the former land of John E Berry, Jr. Berry, Jr., who purchased “Seat Pleasant” from his relative Thomas E Berry. At the close of the Civil War, the land was sold to real estate developers who created the town of Seat Pleasant.  Berry’s father, Dr. John E Berry, Sr., had a nearby plantation called Independence, and Berry’s brother, Albert B Berry had a farm called Sunnyside in addition to his other real estate holdings.  The survey of Seat Pleasant was completed in 1873.  In addition to detailing the lots, it marks what is likely the Seat Pleasant dwelling house and marks several cabins on the land, which may have be slave dwellings occupied by freedmen after emancipation.  

In the 1870 census, Patrick and his wife, Lidia, are living with their three daughters: Mary E [1864], Margaret [1866], and Rachel [1868]. By 1880, they have five more children: William [1870], Daniel [1872], John Thomas [1874], Jane E [1876], and Christiana [1880]. The name of their last daughter, Christiana illustrates the connection with the Ridout family. As seen, Barbara Ridout Jones had both a sister and daughter named a variation of Christiana.

Mary Ridout Stewart

Mary Ridout Stewart was living next door to her son, Patrick, in the 1870 census in the household of George and Grace Johnson and their children.

1870 Census for Bladensburg District in Prince George’s County | ancestry.com

This leads us to the suggestion that Grace is Mary’s daughter and Patrick’s sister.

Like Mary and Patrick Stewart, George Johnson was enslaved by John E Berry.  The two men likely worked the tobacco fields of Seat Pleasant, first as enslaved men and then as tenant farmers.  

Unlike the Patrick and George who were held in bondage on a large tobacco estate, Grace and her children were enslaved by a farmer, Charles H Hays, who likely grew produce for the Washington markets.  Hay’s farm was north of Seat Pleasant, along the DC border, where Peter and Priscilla moved after the war. 

When large estates were often valued above $10,000, Hay’s farm was valued at $2000.   Farms were smaller in this part of Prince George’s County and often grew other products instead of tobacco.  In 1864, Charles Hays advertised a reward of $5 for a cow that had strayed.  Upon his death, his farm of 105 acres was advertised for sale; the soil was described as well adapted for grazing and market gardening.  The land had a dwelling of six rooms and a tenement house of three rooms.  

The 1860 Slave Schedule lists 8 enslaved people for Hays, and Hays submitted the names of 10 people whom he enslaved. In addition to Grace and her children, Hays enslaved Letty Hanson, age 25.  Her first name is phonetically similar to that of Lidia, Patrick’s wife.  


By 1880, Mary Ridout Stewart and her husband, Patrick Stewart, are living together in the household of Patrick Stewart and Lidia with their children. Patrick (Jr.) has yet to buy the land in Seat Pleasant. From neighboring houses, it appears that they are living near Buena Vista near the Waring Estates, in the newly created Kent District along the boundary with Queen Anne District and near close and extended family.

Dwelling NumberRelativeRelationship to Mary Ridout
253Patrick Stewart (Sr.)Husband
253Patrick Stewart (Jr.)Son
258Grace JohnsonDaughter
247Michael JonesSon of Barbara’s brother-in-law
244Bettie FletcherBarbara’s sister in law
92Geo StewartInferred Nephew, as he is son of James Stewart

The table lists the dwelling numbers of people related within the extended kin group of Mary Ridout. Dwellings 253 & 258 are members of her immediate family and include her children. Dwellings 247 and 244 are members of the Jones family that Barbara Ridout, Mary’s inferred sister, partnered with. Elizabeth (Bettie) Fletcher was the daughter of Richard and Mary Jones. And dwelling 92, which can be identified as being in the geographic vicinity as it is neighboring Jos. K Roberts house is the household of George Stewart, the son of James Stewart.

James Stewart was listed in Marsham Waring’s 1860 inventory with Notley Stewart, who fathered Barbara Ridout Jones’s grandchild, Augustus Jones. Also listed with James and Notley was Patrick Stewart. During the Civil War and shortly after the abolition of slavery in the District, Patrick and Notley fled to DC with many others from the Waring estates. James Waring, as administrator of his father’s estate, went to the District to seek their return, swearing an affidavit that they were from Maryland and therefore subject to his enslavement. Records of Patrick Stewart are not found, though records of the others in Camp Barker and Camp Springdale have been found. Likewise, Patrick in the 1870 census has yet to be identified. However, it appears he reunited with his family by 1880.